Technical Bulletin No. 0727: Breeding Bird Communities and Vegetative Structure of Red Pine Plantations in the Western Upper Peninsula of Michigan, 1992-1993

Red pine is an important commercial species in the managed forests of the upper Great Lakes region, including the Upper Pennisula of Michigan. It is most often intensively managed in plantations that currently exist in a diversity of ages and structures within the northern hardwood and conifer region. Concern has been expressed regarding the effects management for a single species such as red pine may have on the biota of both the plantation and its landscape.